Bacteria shapes1/4/2024 Within biofilms, bacterial cells can act almost like cells in a multicellular organism. In many situations, individual bacteria can come together to form biofilms – large conglomerations of bacterial cells enclosed within a slimy matrix and attached to a surface. This has led to a greater understanding of just how diverse bacteria are. ![]() Now, you can also compare the genomes of two species of bacteria to see where the DNA sequence differs. How can you study the differences between organisms that are too small to see? In the past, differences between bacterial species were decided by studying their appearance (as seen under the microscope), their preferred food source and their habitat (the environment in which they are found). There are also surprisingly large differences between bacterial species – one may be as different to another as we humans are to carrots! Bacteria are highly diverseĮven though bacterial cells have a simple structure, there are a vast number of distinct bacterial species. For this reason, they remained undiscovered until the 1600s, when Antonie van Leeuwenhoek viewed bacteria (and other single-celled organisms) using a spherical glass lens he had made himself.įind out more about b acterial DNA – the role of plasmids. Scientists call bacterial cells ‘ prokaryotic’ – this word describes the lack of a nucleus in bacterial cells and distinguishes them from more complex cell types (which are known as ‘ eukaryoticīacterial cells are too small to be seen with the naked eye. Bacteria have a single circular chromosome that sits in the cell cytoplasm. ![]() They also lack many of the organelles (such as mitochondria) that other cells have. They are made up of just one cell – and that cell is smaller and less complex than most of the other cell types in existence.īacterial cells have no nucleus. ![]() Bacteria are very simple compared to most other organisms.
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